我们经常会有这样的需求或者想法:动态的生成或者修改代码。当然,我们可以把代码看成字符串而直接修改,但是这种做法也未免太生硬了,能解决的问题有限;而另一个方式就是CodeDom。
CodeDom是强大的!我们感谢微软,给我们提供了强大的描述面向对象语言的框架;我们感谢微软,给我们提供了能够根据CodeDom生成代码或者程序集的CodeDomProvider;可惜微软没有给我们提供能够从object或者代码生成CodeDom的能力。
关于CodeDom的知识本文不过多涉及、感兴趣的童鞋可以阅读MSDN或者博客园的其它文章学习了解。本系列期望解决的问题就是如何将对象或者代码生成CodeDom。当然,由于微软并没有提供这样的支持,而我也不可能写一个解析C#语言或者VB语言的CodeParser,所以本文提供的方案也能力有限,但愿能够解决你的一部分问题或者给您能学到点知识。
这是本系列的第一篇文章,如何让一个Component对象生成CodeDom。核心思想就是虚拟一个DesignTime的环境,并将Component添加到Designer中,然后使用ComponentTypeCodeDomSerializer将Component序列化成CodeTypeDeclaration。本方案可以在任意程序下执行,不依赖IDE,也不需要引用各种奇怪的dll。
下面就是具体实现:
首先,创建一个WindowsControlLibrary,名叫WindowsControlLibrary1。
然后,添加一个类取名MyComponent1,类中有一个GetSet的属性IntProperty,还有一个设置了背景色的TextBox:
- public class MyComponent1 : Component
- {
- public MyComponent1()
- {
- textBox1 = new TextBox();
- textBox1.BackColor = Color.Red;
- }
- private int int1;
- private TextBox textBox1;
-
- public int IntProperty
- {
- get { return int1; }
- set { int1 = value; }
- }
- public TextBox TextBoxProperty
- {
- get { return textBox1; }
- }
- }
复制代码 接着创建另一个WindowsFormsApplication项目:CodeDomSample,并引用System.Design和WindowsControlLibrary1项目(当然,你也可以把WindowsControlLibrary1编译成dll并引用这个dll)现在,创建我们的核心类CodeTypeConverter,对于具体实现我不做过多的说明,你不必要关心实现的具体细节,只要这个实现能够满足你的需求就行了。如果你有看不明白的地方请提问,我会认真回答。- public class CodeTypeConverter
- {
- private IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;
- private IDesignerHost DesignerHost
- {
- get
- {
- return this._serviceProvider.GetService(typeof(IDesignerHost)) as IDesignerHost;
- }
- }
- //将Component Load到DesignerHost中并返回
- private IComponent LoadComponent(IComponent component)
- {
- DesignSurfaceManager manager = new DesignSurfaceManager();
- DesignSurface surface = manager.CreateDesignSurface();
- surface.BeginLoad(component.GetType());
- this._serviceProvider = surface;
- IComponent newComponent = DesignerHost.RootComponent;
- //暴力克隆,将component上的所有Field设到newComponent上
- FieldInfo[] fields = component.GetType().GetFields(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Instance);
- foreach (FieldInfo field in fields)
- {
- object fieldValue = field.GetValue(component);
- //将所有子Component Load到DesignerHost中
- if (fieldValue != null && fieldValue is IComponent)
- {
- DesignerHost.Container.Add(fieldValue as IComponent, field.Name);
- }
- field.SetValue(newComponent, fieldValue);
- }
- return newComponent;
- }
-
- //将DesignerHost中的Component转成CodeType
- public CodeTypeDeclaration ConvertComponentToCodeType(IComponent component)
- {
- component = this.LoadComponent(component) as Component;
- DesignerSerializationManager manager = new DesignerSerializationManager(this._serviceProvider);
- //这句Code是必须的,必须要有一个session,DesignerSerializationManager才能工作
- IDisposable session = manager.CreateSession();
- TypeCodeDomSerializer serializer = manager.GetSerializer(component.GetType(), typeof(TypeCodeDomSerializer)) as TypeCodeDomSerializer;
- List<object> list = new List<object>();
- foreach (IComponent item in this.DesignerHost.Container.Components)
- {
- list.Add(item);
- }
- CodeTypeDeclaration declaration = serializer.Serialize(manager, component, list);
- session.Dispose();
- return declaration;
- }
- }
复制代码 好了,CodeTypeConverter实现完成。现在在Form1中写一个Test方法测试:
- public Form1()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- Test();
- }
- public void Test()
- {
- CodeTypeConverter designerHost = new CodeTypeConverter();
- MyComponent1 component = new MyComponent1();
- component.IntProperty = 10;
- component.TextBoxProperty.Text = "Hello World";
- CodeTypeDeclaration componentType = designerHost.ConvertComponentToCodeType(component);
- componentType.Name = component.GetType().Name + "1";
- StringBuilder bulder = new StringBuilder();
- StringWriter writer = new StringWriter(bulder, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
- CodeGeneratorOptions option = new CodeGeneratorOptions();
- option.BracingStyle = "C";
- option.BlankLinesBetweenMembers = false;
- CSharpCodeProvider codeDomProvider = new CSharpCodeProvider();
- codeDomProvider.GenerateCodeFromType(componentType, writer, option);
- Debug.WriteLine(bulder.ToString());
- writer.Close();
- }
复制代码
CodeDomSample跑起来以后,就可以在输出窗口看到如下的输出:- public class MyComponent11 : WindowsControlLibrary1.MyComponent1
- {
- private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
- private MyComponent11()
- {
- this.InitializeComponent();
- }
- private void InitializeComponent()
- {
- this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
- //
- // textBox1
- //
- this.textBox1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
- this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
- this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
- this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 20);
- this.textBox1.TabIndex = 0;
- this.textBox1.Text = "Hello World";
- //
- //
- //
- this.IntProperty = 10;
- }
- }
复制代码
搞定收工。欢迎提问以及拍砖灌水,更欢迎掌声鲜花。 |
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